The jpa-maven-plugin helps make unit and integration testing of a JPA project easier.
Nothing, if you don't mind editing your persistence.xml in your src/test/resources/META-INF directory (you do have one, right?) every time you add or delete a new entity, mapped superclass, id class or embeddable class.
It is.
That's one of the things this plugin does: generate the boilerplate list of class names in your test persistence.xml.
Yes, but an annotation processor at compile time inspects source code. This plugin inspects classes, and inspects the classes of not only your project, but its test-time dependencies.
No, because it uses the Scannotation library to inspect the bytecode of the classes very quickly.
Please see the "Generating elements in a persistence.xml file example" for an example of its most common usage. More detailed information is available on the Goals page.
No. This plugin is JPA-provider agnostic.
Not as of this writing. Currently, none of this plugin's goals interact with either the database or the JPA provider.